quarta-feira, 10 de setembro de 2014
6 Unintentional Things Your Body Language Says in a Relationship
By KnowMoreTV
Whether you’re in the midst of a long-term relationship or navigating your way through a new one, there is one thing in particular you should always pay attention to when it comes to giving off the right vibe: your body language.
Your body can speak louder than words. But is it saying what you want it to say? Learn to send your messages clearly with these body language do’s and don’ts.
1) Eye for an Eye
Celebrity Matchmaker Samantha Daniels reveals eye contact is very important because it shows that you are interested in what he is saying and that you are paying attention.
“This is universally applicable, whether you’re having a deep conversation with your boyfriend or are trying to connect with someone new on a first date.”
To put it simply, eye contact is talking in the absence of words. Eyes can communicate a wide range of messages and sensitivity. Be extra conscious about looking your man directly in the eye, even though it may feel more comfortable looking away.
2) Body Positioning
Matchmaker and Dating Coach Suzanne K. Oshima forewarns both men and women usually don’t realize which way their body faces, and it is very telling as to whether or not the other person is interested.
“If someone’s torso, shoulders and legs are facing toward the other person, they are showing interest”, Oshima says. “But if their torso, shoulders and legs are facing away or off to the side, they are either not sure or they are blocking the person from getting to know them.”
3) Crossed Arms
This one is a no-no for obvious reasons.
“Crossed arms essentially make you look closed off, unwelcoming, and disinterested,” Daniels says. “If you want men to approach you on the dating scene, you need to appear as open and welcoming as possible.”
4) Group Formation
Speaking of looking closed off, be attentive when out with your ladies. When a group of gals are out on the dating scene, they tend to stand in a circle.
“Circles are closed off and leave no opening for a guy to join, which makes it difficult for men to approach them,” Daniels explains. “When you’re out on the town, try to stand in a ‘C’ shape to give guys an opening.”
Standing at the edge of the ‘C’ also makes you the easiest to approach.
5) Take a Stand
Your mother wasn’t lying when she told you to stand up straight.
“A good posture on a date shows your confidence level in who you are and your self worth,” Oshima says. “A woman who doesn’t stand up straight, or has her shoulders rounded forward may be perceived as shy or with low confidence.”
(This YouTube video is a great exercise to improve your posture and shape your arms!)
6) Turn that Frown Upside Down
Without a doubt smiling is the number one, most important thing you can wear while dating and in a relationship.
“A smile on your face shows that you are a happy person… and men gravitate toward happy women,” Daniels says.
What other social cues deter men? Can guys be guilty the same things as well? Sfrom ound off in the comments below!
Body Language vs Micro-Expressions
Debunking the myths of "micro-expressions"
Published on December 24, 2011 by Joe Navarro, M.A. in Spycatcher
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Thoughtful questions often prompt thoughtful analysis and recently a series of questions from a reader regarding "micro-expressions" had such an effect on me. His questions made me stop and think about how the public perceives "micro expressions" and their significance in our overall understanding of body language, and more importantly, their relevance in detecting deception.
By now most people have heard of "micro-expressions" as a result of the show Lie to Me, or because the term has been popularized by the media. In fact, I routinely run into people who say they have taken courses on "micro-expressions" and have been "certified" or who want to become experts on "micro-expressions." (It reminds me of when students first wanted to be "criminal profilers" and then they wanted to be "CSI agents," just like on TV, now I guess it is "micro-expression experts") That's fine I say, but what about the rest of the body? And that is when I hear silence. After all, the rest of the body is transmitting information about thoughts, desires, fears, emotions, and intentions with far more regularity. If someone ventilates their shirt or hides their thumbs while being asked questions, you should know what that means beyond it's hot and they don't know what to do with their hands (it means: issues, discomfort, insecurities) because there may be no "micro-expressions" to help you at all.
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In order to properly anchor us, let's start with what the term "micro-expressions" means or has come to mean. In 1966 two researchers by the name of Haggard and Isaacs discovered, while looking at films of couples in therapy, what they described as "micromomentary expressions." They noted behaviors that would flash by so quickly they were difficult to see except by slowing the film down. A few years later, building on this earlier work and observing these same behaviors, Paul Ekman coined the term "micro expressions" while he was studying deception. Ekman later incorporated this into his book, "Telling Lies," which you really should read if you care about nonverbals.
What Haggard and Isaacs, as well as others, found was that our faces often reveal hidden sentiments that are being intentionally concealed. This was obviously useful in detecting issues during couples' therapy. Unfortunately, over time the term "micro expressions" grew to include too many things; failing for instance to differentiate between the truly miniscule, the small, and the larger facial distortions. There was also a failure to differentiate between the behaviors that were fast and those which were super-fast, but which had little to do with being "micro" or small. Lastly there was a failure to differentiate behaviors that are asymmetrical or that oddly freeze in place such as when we hold a tense smile at a snarling dog.
Consequently, because so many things have been lumped under the appellation "micro-expression" it is often difficult to determine what someone means, especially when they substitute "micro-expressions" for plain old body language or nonverbals. So let's see if we can add some clarity here to help you better understand behaviors of the face, which are often lumped under the term "micro-expressions" or worse they are ignored completely.
First we should recognize, as David Matsumoto has pointed out, that there are behaviors, gestures, or expressions of the face that do occur without conscious prompting which leak or reveal our true feelings or sentiments. Some of these behaviors or expressions flash before us very quickly (1/15, 1/25 of a second) and others loiter there seemingly too long. Also there are behaviors that are difficult to observe because they are so tiny (twitching muscles just under the eye for example) while others are quite large or as "large" as they can be given the size of some small facial muscles.
What is important for observers is that while these behaviors do occur, we must not attach more meaning to them than we should. Shows such as Lie to Me (now cancelled) made it seem that if you saw one of these behaviors then the person is lying. Nothing could be further from the truth. For as Ekman, Frank, DePaulo, Burgoon, and Vrij have repeatedly told us, there is no single behavior indicative of deception (Matsumoto, et. al. 2011, 1-4; Navarro 2008). There are indicators of stress, psychological discomfort, anxiety, dislike, issues, or tension, but not deception - I'm sorry to say. In fact, rather than focus on deception, in my experience, it is far more useful to become an "Issue Detector" because that is really what we are observing. When we see the physical displays of psychological discomfort, we are really seeing our bodies communicating there are "issues"; in ohter words something is bothering us, the questions is what?
Examining the Face:
One way to understand facial gestures or behaviors is to divide them up by what they do, not whether they are mini, micro, or macro which does not take into account speed or in some cases lengthy, asymmetrical, or rigid presentations. The following is not a comprehensive list but if you focus on these five areas you will find it easier, in my experience, to identify how others truly feel or what they think:
Facial Gestures of Nervousness and Tension:
- Furrowed forehead
- Squinting eyes
- Lip compression
- Lips that are sucked into the mouth
- Quivering lips
- Quivering chin
- Corners of mouth twitching or pulling oddly toward the ear very quickly
Facial Gestures of Dislike or Disagreement:
- Pursed lips usually mean I don't like or I disagree (seen in babies as young as four weeks).
- Nose crinkle (nose moves very quickly up as a shortened sign of disgust)
- Upper half of lip on one side rises as does nose
- Rolling of the eyes
- Eyelid flutter (usually seen when someone says something we strongly disagree with)
- Eyelids close fail to reopen for what seems a long time
- Squinting of the eyes (think of Clint Eastward in a shootout)
Facial Gestures to Relieve Stress:
There are any number of facial ticks which may suddenly develop or which become permanent to deal with tension. Examples are:
- Uncontrollable blinking
- Cheek twitching
- Uncontrollable twitching of the eye
- Jaw thrusts forward
- Jaw displacement to the sides
- Tongue biting
- Pulling of facial hair
- Repetitive touching of the nose or eyelid with a finger
These behavior are not only repetitive, they may increase in severity under stress and at times become very fast. Incidentally, as I mentioned in Clues to Deceit, repetitive behaviors are soothing behaviors, which is why we develop nervous ticks in the first place. The brain benefits from the repetitive muscular tick as a form of pacification; however, it can become pathological.
Asymmetrical Facial Gestures:
Gestures that involve only one half of the face fall into this category:
- Fake smiles
- Smile involving only half the face
- Person smiles but the eyes squint or show tension
- Asymmetry also applies to discord between what is said with what the body is transmitting, such as saying, "I love you" with clenched teeth or a tense face.
Facial gestures of Contempt or Disdain:
- A smirk (corner of mouth tightens on one side, dimples, or pulls toward eye or ear )
- Nose high haughty attitude
- Rolling of the eyes
- Looking dismissively askance
Contempt, incidentally, is not a sign of deception, it is seen in both the innocent as well as the liar. Contempt is often seen among the innocent when interviewed by those they deem to be of lower social status or whom they perceive as incompetent. You also see looks of contempt on the part of an occupied population toward their oppressors.
Caution
While these gestures or behaviors are useful in discerning true thoughts and feelings, they are in no way indicative of deception. They may indicate psychological or physical discomfort, dislike, issues, or nervousness, but that is it. No inference of deception can be drawn from these for there is no single behavior indicative of deception. None.
Recommendation
After studying nonverbals for over 40 years, I think it is wiser to understand what all of the body communicates, not just the face, or just "micro-expressions." Especially knowing that the feet are more accurate than the face in revealing sentiments and intentions and that all of our body is constantly transmitting vital information (Navarro 2008). In fact, as I note in Clues to Deceit there are over 215 behaviors associated with psychological discomfort and most of those are not in the face.
If you truly want to learn about body language and nonverbal communications and go beyond the tripe usually served on television, give yourself a treat and read Desmond Morris' trilogy on nonverbals (Manwatching, Bodywatching, Peoplewatching). Morris looks at humans with the critical eye of a scientist discovering a new species and explains why we do the things we do. He is an authority without equal when it comes to nonverbal communications and as a zoologist and anthropologist, will open your eyes as no other author or expert can, with perhaps the exception of Charles Darwin, who started it all one day while watching orangutans in the London zoo.
----------------------------------
Joe Navarro, M.A. is 25 year veteran of the FBI and is the author of What Every Body is Saying, as well as Louder Than Words. For additional information and a free bibliography please contact him through www.jnforensics.com or follow on twitter: @navarrotells or on Facebook. Copyright © 2011 Joe Navarro.
Bibliogaphy
Darwin, Charles. 1872. The Expression of Emotion in Man and Animals. New York: Appleton-Century Crofts.
Ekman, Paul. 1985. Telling Lies: Clues to Deceit in the Marketplace, Politics, and Marriage. New York: W.W. Norton & Co.
Haggard, E. A. and Isaacs, K.S. 1966. Micromomentary Facial Expressions. In Methods of Research in Psychology, L.A. Gottschalk and A.H. Auerback, Eds.. New York: Appleton Century Crofts.
Matsumoto, David, et. al. 2011. Evaluating Truthfulness and Detecting Deception New Tools to Aid Investigators. FBI Law Enforcement Bulletin, (January):1-8.
Morris, Desmond. 1985. Bodywatching. New York: Crown Publishers.
Morris, Desmond. 1980. Manwatching. New York: Crown Publishers.
Morris, Desmond. 2002. Peoplewatching: New York: Crown Publishers
Navarro, Joe. 2011. Clues to Deceit. Amazon Kindle.
Navarro, Joe. 2008. What Every Body is Saying. New York: Harper Collins.
Porter, S., & ten Brinke, L. (2008). Reading between the lies: Identifying concealed and falsified emotions in universal facial expressions. Psychological Science, 19, 508-514.
Vrij, A., Granhag, P. A., & Porter, S. 2010. Pitfalls and opportunities in nonverbal and verbal lie detection. Psychological Science in the Public Interest, 11, 89-121.
quinta-feira, 10 de novembro de 2011
Analysis
In this section, you will find occasional analyses of speeches, adverts and so on.
* Aero Slogan: The subtly of a chocolate bar slogan.
* Ann Coulter on Religion: Body language of a controversial American commentator.
* Barack Obama's Victory Speech: On being elected President of the USA.
* Betty Crocker's Egg: Freudian machinations in early TV home programming.
* George Carman, QC: The life of an extraordinary advocate.
* Live 8: I was there, and saw many minds being changed.
* Martin Luther King's 'I have a dream' speech: The power of the famous paragraph.
* McDonald's Passing By: McDonald's...subtle?
* Power Sales: The battle for selling power is reaching new depths.
* Selling Shampoo: The words on the bottle of shampoo are carefully chosen.
* Supernanny: TV show of terrorist children being tamed.
* Susan's Mother: Effective Crunchy Nut advert.
* Terrorist Bombs: From New York to Bagdad to London, how a few change the minds of millions.
* The Heist: Programmed Criminals: How ordinary people were turned into armed robbers on TV.
* Wooing Journalists: PR aimed at getting good press.
* You Could Save...: An unsubtle ad.
Terrorists and Bombs
Analysis > Terrorists and Bombs
Not long after the Live 8 concert, on 7th July 2005, London was rocked by five suicide bombers. Perchance I was out of town that day, at my daughter's graduation. I know people who came close to death, catching the train before and the train after, but thankfully not one of the four which were blown up.
Terrorism is an extreme but also effective form of changing minds (if you live to tell the tale). It grabs attention with threats and actuality of death and destruction, and a fanatic minority can hold a terrorized majority in thrall.
Suicide extremism
One of the ways that terrorist work in today's mad world is in suicide bombings, and these horrors that Israel, Iraq and others have endured are now reaching into western capitals. America and New York was sharply awoken by the uniquely effective 9/11 attacks. The bombing in Madrid changed the course of a general election. And now London has its tale to tell.
Suicide bombing is not new. The kamikaze pilots of World War II gave their lives for their country as they flew their planes into American ships. Today's bombers do it for political and religious reasons.
A frightening thing about suicide bomber is the thought that a person will willingly die to kill others. This, in itself, changes minds. If the unthinkable come true, then what else might happen? All of a sudden the rules that hold the world together are no longer valid. When we cannot predict, then we feel out of control, which is a scary place to be.
It is all the more scary that the bombers seemed so normal. One of the London bombers was a schoolteacher who was so dedicated to his children he was picked for a visit to Parliament. We look over our shoulders at the next person on the train: could they be a bomber? Am I about to die?
A stairway to heaven
Not only do the terrorized have their minds changed: the bombers also are transformed from ordinary people also have their minds changed. Many of the early methods of creating a suicide bomber may include variants on conversion techniques.
A particularly powerful method is to make dying for the cause an act of such selflessness that it automatically guarantees you an entry into heaven. This is quite an effective move, as it appeals to very basic need for survival, such that committing suicide is the best way of living forever. Seems like a good deal? Good enough, it seems.
Not only are individuals converted: whole societies can conclude that suicide in the name of a cause is a good thing. Mothers proudly send their sons and daughters to oblivion in the belief that they are helping the cause and creating saints. And mothers around the world associate with them and shiver.
Random acts of terror
It takes very few people to terrorize an awful lot more. All you need to do is make the terrorist acts terrible, and then strike when and where people least expect it. In guessing what will happen in the future, we falsely assume that the size of the act represents the size of the threat and so feel in significant danger. The London bombs killed over 50 people. Many more are killed in car accidents every day, yet we do not fear the cars speeding past us.
The random element of terror again makes things difficult to predict and so we are sent in a tailspin or fear. One of the rules for bringing up children is to be predictable in your praise and punishment. If the child does not know if and when you are going to explode, they will grow up fearful or aggressive as a way of coping.
The collaboration of the media
The dilemma for the media in terrorist events is that if they report it, then they are collaborating with the terrorists in spreading terror. Without news reports, terrorists only kill a number of people. With the support of the media, they can hold millions to hostage.
For weeks after the London bombs, newspapers and TV reports kept bringing back to us the horror of the day. Interviews with victims and bystanders help us all relive in detail the terror. In 9/11, US television kept showing the two towers collapsing until children across the nation thought that buildings were falling down everywhere.
It is an unholy alliance, as the media themselves are persuaded by financial and cultural rules. It is a sad fact, but bad news sells newspapers. When people are uncertain and fearful, they seek more information -- and the papers are happy to sell it to them. Culturally, as well, many editors would argue that it would be wrong for them not to print news.
Reaping the seeds of meddling
Many would say that we are reaping the seeds of our own past meddling. Many terrorist groups have their roots in fighting regimes that other governments did not like. The secret services (and sometimes the not so secret ones) found it easier to fight those undesirable governments by covertly encouraging the subversives. My enemy's enemy is my friend, as they say.
In developments that ripple down from World War II resistance and the cold war, the insurgents were taught to wreak havoc with few resources. And then the dog decided to bite the feeding hand: those who fought people in power turned their attention to the more powerful governments. Their minds had been changed, but not so much as to become puppets.
And this is, perhaps, a salutary lesson for those who seek to change minds for immoral reasons. Those who we seek control will, eventually understand what is happening. People who are attracted to cults leave and become their biggest detractors. When we try to control our children's lives too much, they leave, never to return. Battered wives suffer in silence for years and then sometimes kill their cruel husbands. Remember the caveat: What you sow, so also will you reap.
Coda: déja vu
I wrote most of the above this morning, on the train into London. Today is 21st July, 2005, when there was another bombing attempt (two weeks to the day after the first bombings). Curiously, only the detonators went off and nobody was hurt -- not even the bombers, it seems.
It seems that explosives age and the surprised bombers lived to bomb another day. According to one report, one of the bombers looked rather annoyed when there was only a small bang. Perhaps he felt his first-class ticket to heaven had been cancelled. (A later story, when they had been identified, was that one bomber told a neighbor that not only would he go to heaven, but that there would be 80 virgins awaiting him there. I wonder who told him that. For an impressionable young man, one might understand how it could change his mind.)
So what were they saying this time? The underlying message was 'We can do this any time'. By repeating the pattern (three on underground trains and one on a bus), they were cocking a snoot at the police, showing that, despite increased security, there was nothing that could stop them bombing wherever they chose.
The local effect was also interesting. My officemates seemed more irritated than worried (my family was more concerned, as they had heard only vague news).
The effect on potential tourists will be interesting. One bombing seems like a one-off, but two indicates a continuing threat. And this is no doubt a deliberate part of the message.
Coda to the coda: shoot to kill
The next day, a Brazilian electrician who lived in the block of flats where bombers lived went to the station and then ran away from armed police and leaped onto a train (his visa was just out of date). Guessing he was a bomber, the police shot him dead. The government and police supported the action, as did everyone I spoke to. More minds changed. Police killing of innocent people (albeit in extraordinary circumstances) now has public support. And so the terrorists win again.
And again: Police recovery
Still in July 2005, the police have arrested all four of the would-be second set of bombers in an impressively massive show of detection and force. The pervasiveness of closed-circuit television cameras has proved immensely useful in capturing the movements of the terrorists, as has modern forensic methods and collaboration across police forces (the last bomber was caught in Rome).
Confidence in the police and in London has been also recovered by a massive show of force. Every tube station in central London had police at every entrance. When I arrived at Waterloo on Thursday this week, I stood in one spot and counted 18 police (and that was the ones in uniform). This included 2 in full body armor, helmets and automatic weapons. And I was pleased to see them. And so my mind is changed again.
Selling Shampoo
Analysis > Selling Shampoo
With a family of four of us, how many bottles, tubes and other containers of shampoo would you expect to find in the bathroom? Two males, two females. Four? Six? One? Twelve? Well, I just counted and there were twenty seven. I use only one so goodness knows who uses the rest. Still, it's good for a quick poll of the words they use to get us good consumers to use (or at least buy) more shampoo.
Here's a selection of names and promotional statements and a few thoughts about what they mean and their effect.
Names
* Original Source : Tangerine and Bergamot
* Original Source: Almond and Coconut
* Original Source: Lime and Guarana
* Pantene: Brunette Expressions
* Sunsilk: Care and Repair
One style of naming is with food. It's not important whether the oils or whatever make any difference, but an effect that it does have is that when you think of the food, you think of how it smells and tastes. If that is a nice gustatory experience, then you feel good -- and of course transfer those good feelings to the shampoo. This will be emphasized by the smell of the shampoo (again, this nothing to do with what it does to your hair).
Another naming trick is to indicate what it looks like, as with 'Brunette Expressions', triggering mirror experiences where you see yourself (presumably like the model on the bottle or box). 'Care and Repair' is simple naming by function, making the choice clear and simple by telling you what it does.
The basic brand names are interesting too: 'Original Source' implies some level of exclusivity, coupled with being not a copy and perhaps arising from some magical natural spring. 'Pantene' goes for the pseudo-science approach, using a made-up name that implies they know what they are doing (so you don't need to ask). 'Sunsilk' is a sensory-based word, combining the warmth and light of the sun with the tactile experience of stroking silk (which of course will be just like stroking your hair afterwards).
Promotional statements
The bottles of shampoo all had wonderful and, when you think about it, perhaps rather bizarre and meaningless promotional statements. Here are just a few:
* Strengthens and nourishes every day
* Intense nourishment for your hair
* Fuller, thicker looking hair
* Refreshes and invigorates
* Clean, long-lasting freshness
* Glowing, velvety brunette
* Shine release, natural balancing
* Pro-vitality B5, with healthy volume
* Builds body and fullness for weightless, healthy volume
* Classic clean
* New
Using the description of 'nourishment' is using a metaphor of shampoo as food. What comes along with this metaphor is that feeding is a regular thing -- you don't just eat once and that's it. This is hammered home with the 'every day' rider that tells you that you should be using this shampoo daily.
The food metaphor is extended with notions of health. How hair is 'healthy' and has 'vitality' is an interesting philosophical question, but it appears that hair can also have 'body' and 'fullness', so perhaps it is something separate from you that has a life of its own.
Note the sensory language, with words such as 'shine', 'weightless' and 'strengthens'. Sensory language triggers sensory experience. 'Shine release' implies that the shine was already in your hair, perhaps being covered up with the grime that the shampoo washes away.
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Overall, these things may seem trite and foolish to many of us, but to those who carve and agree the words it is an anguished process, no less than the sculptor who creates a great work of art. If they get it right and sell just 0.1% more shampoo, then their salary and fees will be well worth their effort as the shampoo company laughs its way to the bank whilst its customers feel somehow enriched by using their amazing product!
See also
Use of Language
Sensory Language
Techniques > Use of language > Persuasive Language > Sensory Language
Sense and non-sense | Senses in language | Sense preferences | The power of sensory language | See also
Sense and non-sense
When talking or writing, it is possible to make use of our five senses. It is also possible to exclude the senses from the what is said, leading to a more objective way of speaking.
Sensory language references and stimulates the senses, thus:
The cool morning sun cast long fingers of shadow and light across the green field as our visitors tramped across rough and the dewy grass.
Objective language seeks to engage the logical mind, but not the senses, which are considered too emotional. It is thus common in such as legal, scientific and business writing.
Morning came and the people arrived.
Senses in language
Language can make reference to any or all senses by deliberate use of appropriate sensory words. Note that these can be both direct description and also sensory metaphors.
Sight
The visual sense is referenced by talking about light and dark, shades and hues, visible shape and appearance.
Her brilliant red blouse fitted her slim figure like a glove.
Sound
Auditory senses are triggered by reference to loudness, timbre, actual words spoken, and so on.
He shouted harsh approval at the sound of her pure warbling Italian soprano.
Feeling
Tactile feeling and emotional feeling are closely connected, as we sense our emotions as tensions and other physical bodily experiences.
His heart thumped as he grasped the meaning of her smile.
Taste and smell
Our gustatory senses are closely linked and are often used in the metaphoric sense.
She could stomach his words no longer and smelled a bitter rat in his intent.
Smell in particularly is powerfully evocative sense and can easily trigger early memories.
Sense preferences
Whilst we can detect five senses, we tend to have a preference for some rather than others. Whilst some of us might be evenly balanced, many of us have a significant preference for visual or auditory information.
Sense preferences can be detected in the language that people use. If I am a 'pictures person' then I will use more visual words, including visual metaphor. On the other hand, if I pay particular attention to sounds, then I might use more sound-base metaphors. Likewise I might use tactile language.
The power of sensory language
The power of stimulation
Sense language is more powerful at engaging others simply because it triggers our senses rather than requiring the cognitive effort that more abstract or objective talk needs.
If you paint pictures, sounds and sensations with words, you will immediately gain attention and greater understanding, and hence be better able to communicate effectively and persuade others to your cause.
Reflecting the sense preference
As with any communication, if you reflect back to a person those things that they prefer, then they will pay even more attention to these things than others.
Using their preferred sense channel will also make you appear to be more like them and hence create a bond with them and consequently gain their trust.
In this section, you will find occasional analyses of speeches, adverts and so on.
* Aero Slogan: The subtly of a chocolate bar slogan.
* Ann Coulter on Religion: Body language of a controversial American commentator.
* Barack Obama's Victory Speech: On being elected President of the USA.
* Betty Crocker's Egg: Freudian machinations in early TV home programming.
* George Carman, QC: The life of an extraordinary advocate.
* Live 8: I was there, and saw many minds being changed.
* Martin Luther King's 'I have a dream' speech: The power of the famous paragraph.
* McDonald's Passing By: McDonald's...subtle?
* Power Sales: The battle for selling power is reaching new depths.
* Selling Shampoo: The words on the bottle of shampoo are carefully chosen.
* Supernanny: TV show of terrorist children being tamed.
* Susan's Mother: Effective Crunchy Nut advert.
* Terrorist Bombs: From New York to Bagdad to London, how a few change the minds of millions.
* The Heist: Programmed Criminals: How ordinary people were turned into armed robbers on TV.
* Wooing Journalists: PR aimed at getting good press.
* You Could Save...: An unsubtle ad.
Terrorists and Bombs
Analysis > Terrorists and Bombs
Not long after the Live 8 concert, on 7th July 2005, London was rocked by five suicide bombers. Perchance I was out of town that day, at my daughter's graduation. I know people who came close to death, catching the train before and the train after, but thankfully not one of the four which were blown up.
Terrorism is an extreme but also effective form of changing minds (if you live to tell the tale). It grabs attention with threats and actuality of death and destruction, and a fanatic minority can hold a terrorized majority in thrall.
Suicide extremism
One of the ways that terrorist work in today's mad world is in suicide bombings, and these horrors that Israel, Iraq and others have endured are now reaching into western capitals. America and New York was sharply awoken by the uniquely effective 9/11 attacks. The bombing in Madrid changed the course of a general election. And now London has its tale to tell.
Suicide bombing is not new. The kamikaze pilots of World War II gave their lives for their country as they flew their planes into American ships. Today's bombers do it for political and religious reasons.
A frightening thing about suicide bomber is the thought that a person will willingly die to kill others. This, in itself, changes minds. If the unthinkable come true, then what else might happen? All of a sudden the rules that hold the world together are no longer valid. When we cannot predict, then we feel out of control, which is a scary place to be.
It is all the more scary that the bombers seemed so normal. One of the London bombers was a schoolteacher who was so dedicated to his children he was picked for a visit to Parliament. We look over our shoulders at the next person on the train: could they be a bomber? Am I about to die?
A stairway to heaven
Not only do the terrorized have their minds changed: the bombers also are transformed from ordinary people also have their minds changed. Many of the early methods of creating a suicide bomber may include variants on conversion techniques.
A particularly powerful method is to make dying for the cause an act of such selflessness that it automatically guarantees you an entry into heaven. This is quite an effective move, as it appeals to very basic need for survival, such that committing suicide is the best way of living forever. Seems like a good deal? Good enough, it seems.
Not only are individuals converted: whole societies can conclude that suicide in the name of a cause is a good thing. Mothers proudly send their sons and daughters to oblivion in the belief that they are helping the cause and creating saints. And mothers around the world associate with them and shiver.
Random acts of terror
It takes very few people to terrorize an awful lot more. All you need to do is make the terrorist acts terrible, and then strike when and where people least expect it. In guessing what will happen in the future, we falsely assume that the size of the act represents the size of the threat and so feel in significant danger. The London bombs killed over 50 people. Many more are killed in car accidents every day, yet we do not fear the cars speeding past us.
The random element of terror again makes things difficult to predict and so we are sent in a tailspin or fear. One of the rules for bringing up children is to be predictable in your praise and punishment. If the child does not know if and when you are going to explode, they will grow up fearful or aggressive as a way of coping.
The collaboration of the media
The dilemma for the media in terrorist events is that if they report it, then they are collaborating with the terrorists in spreading terror. Without news reports, terrorists only kill a number of people. With the support of the media, they can hold millions to hostage.
For weeks after the London bombs, newspapers and TV reports kept bringing back to us the horror of the day. Interviews with victims and bystanders help us all relive in detail the terror. In 9/11, US television kept showing the two towers collapsing until children across the nation thought that buildings were falling down everywhere.
It is an unholy alliance, as the media themselves are persuaded by financial and cultural rules. It is a sad fact, but bad news sells newspapers. When people are uncertain and fearful, they seek more information -- and the papers are happy to sell it to them. Culturally, as well, many editors would argue that it would be wrong for them not to print news.
Reaping the seeds of meddling
Many would say that we are reaping the seeds of our own past meddling. Many terrorist groups have their roots in fighting regimes that other governments did not like. The secret services (and sometimes the not so secret ones) found it easier to fight those undesirable governments by covertly encouraging the subversives. My enemy's enemy is my friend, as they say.
In developments that ripple down from World War II resistance and the cold war, the insurgents were taught to wreak havoc with few resources. And then the dog decided to bite the feeding hand: those who fought people in power turned their attention to the more powerful governments. Their minds had been changed, but not so much as to become puppets.
And this is, perhaps, a salutary lesson for those who seek to change minds for immoral reasons. Those who we seek control will, eventually understand what is happening. People who are attracted to cults leave and become their biggest detractors. When we try to control our children's lives too much, they leave, never to return. Battered wives suffer in silence for years and then sometimes kill their cruel husbands. Remember the caveat: What you sow, so also will you reap.
Coda: déja vu
I wrote most of the above this morning, on the train into London. Today is 21st July, 2005, when there was another bombing attempt (two weeks to the day after the first bombings). Curiously, only the detonators went off and nobody was hurt -- not even the bombers, it seems.
It seems that explosives age and the surprised bombers lived to bomb another day. According to one report, one of the bombers looked rather annoyed when there was only a small bang. Perhaps he felt his first-class ticket to heaven had been cancelled. (A later story, when they had been identified, was that one bomber told a neighbor that not only would he go to heaven, but that there would be 80 virgins awaiting him there. I wonder who told him that. For an impressionable young man, one might understand how it could change his mind.)
So what were they saying this time? The underlying message was 'We can do this any time'. By repeating the pattern (three on underground trains and one on a bus), they were cocking a snoot at the police, showing that, despite increased security, there was nothing that could stop them bombing wherever they chose.
The local effect was also interesting. My officemates seemed more irritated than worried (my family was more concerned, as they had heard only vague news).
The effect on potential tourists will be interesting. One bombing seems like a one-off, but two indicates a continuing threat. And this is no doubt a deliberate part of the message.
Coda to the coda: shoot to kill
The next day, a Brazilian electrician who lived in the block of flats where bombers lived went to the station and then ran away from armed police and leaped onto a train (his visa was just out of date). Guessing he was a bomber, the police shot him dead. The government and police supported the action, as did everyone I spoke to. More minds changed. Police killing of innocent people (albeit in extraordinary circumstances) now has public support. And so the terrorists win again.
And again: Police recovery
Still in July 2005, the police have arrested all four of the would-be second set of bombers in an impressively massive show of detection and force. The pervasiveness of closed-circuit television cameras has proved immensely useful in capturing the movements of the terrorists, as has modern forensic methods and collaboration across police forces (the last bomber was caught in Rome).
Confidence in the police and in London has been also recovered by a massive show of force. Every tube station in central London had police at every entrance. When I arrived at Waterloo on Thursday this week, I stood in one spot and counted 18 police (and that was the ones in uniform). This included 2 in full body armor, helmets and automatic weapons. And I was pleased to see them. And so my mind is changed again.
Selling Shampoo
Analysis > Selling Shampoo
With a family of four of us, how many bottles, tubes and other containers of shampoo would you expect to find in the bathroom? Two males, two females. Four? Six? One? Twelve? Well, I just counted and there were twenty seven. I use only one so goodness knows who uses the rest. Still, it's good for a quick poll of the words they use to get us good consumers to use (or at least buy) more shampoo.
Here's a selection of names and promotional statements and a few thoughts about what they mean and their effect.
Names
* Original Source : Tangerine and Bergamot
* Original Source: Almond and Coconut
* Original Source: Lime and Guarana
* Pantene: Brunette Expressions
* Sunsilk: Care and Repair
One style of naming is with food. It's not important whether the oils or whatever make any difference, but an effect that it does have is that when you think of the food, you think of how it smells and tastes. If that is a nice gustatory experience, then you feel good -- and of course transfer those good feelings to the shampoo. This will be emphasized by the smell of the shampoo (again, this nothing to do with what it does to your hair).
Another naming trick is to indicate what it looks like, as with 'Brunette Expressions', triggering mirror experiences where you see yourself (presumably like the model on the bottle or box). 'Care and Repair' is simple naming by function, making the choice clear and simple by telling you what it does.
The basic brand names are interesting too: 'Original Source' implies some level of exclusivity, coupled with being not a copy and perhaps arising from some magical natural spring. 'Pantene' goes for the pseudo-science approach, using a made-up name that implies they know what they are doing (so you don't need to ask). 'Sunsilk' is a sensory-based word, combining the warmth and light of the sun with the tactile experience of stroking silk (which of course will be just like stroking your hair afterwards).
Promotional statements
The bottles of shampoo all had wonderful and, when you think about it, perhaps rather bizarre and meaningless promotional statements. Here are just a few:
* Strengthens and nourishes every day
* Intense nourishment for your hair
* Fuller, thicker looking hair
* Refreshes and invigorates
* Clean, long-lasting freshness
* Glowing, velvety brunette
* Shine release, natural balancing
* Pro-vitality B5, with healthy volume
* Builds body and fullness for weightless, healthy volume
* Classic clean
* New
Using the description of 'nourishment' is using a metaphor of shampoo as food. What comes along with this metaphor is that feeding is a regular thing -- you don't just eat once and that's it. This is hammered home with the 'every day' rider that tells you that you should be using this shampoo daily.
The food metaphor is extended with notions of health. How hair is 'healthy' and has 'vitality' is an interesting philosophical question, but it appears that hair can also have 'body' and 'fullness', so perhaps it is something separate from you that has a life of its own.
Note the sensory language, with words such as 'shine', 'weightless' and 'strengthens'. Sensory language triggers sensory experience. 'Shine release' implies that the shine was already in your hair, perhaps being covered up with the grime that the shampoo washes away.
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Overall, these things may seem trite and foolish to many of us, but to those who carve and agree the words it is an anguished process, no less than the sculptor who creates a great work of art. If they get it right and sell just 0.1% more shampoo, then their salary and fees will be well worth their effort as the shampoo company laughs its way to the bank whilst its customers feel somehow enriched by using their amazing product!
See also
Use of Language
Sensory Language
Techniques > Use of language > Persuasive Language > Sensory Language
Sense and non-sense | Senses in language | Sense preferences | The power of sensory language | See also
Sense and non-sense
When talking or writing, it is possible to make use of our five senses. It is also possible to exclude the senses from the what is said, leading to a more objective way of speaking.
Sensory language references and stimulates the senses, thus:
The cool morning sun cast long fingers of shadow and light across the green field as our visitors tramped across rough and the dewy grass.
Objective language seeks to engage the logical mind, but not the senses, which are considered too emotional. It is thus common in such as legal, scientific and business writing.
Morning came and the people arrived.
Senses in language
Language can make reference to any or all senses by deliberate use of appropriate sensory words. Note that these can be both direct description and also sensory metaphors.
Sight
The visual sense is referenced by talking about light and dark, shades and hues, visible shape and appearance.
Her brilliant red blouse fitted her slim figure like a glove.
Sound
Auditory senses are triggered by reference to loudness, timbre, actual words spoken, and so on.
He shouted harsh approval at the sound of her pure warbling Italian soprano.
Feeling
Tactile feeling and emotional feeling are closely connected, as we sense our emotions as tensions and other physical bodily experiences.
His heart thumped as he grasped the meaning of her smile.
Taste and smell
Our gustatory senses are closely linked and are often used in the metaphoric sense.
She could stomach his words no longer and smelled a bitter rat in his intent.
Smell in particularly is powerfully evocative sense and can easily trigger early memories.
Sense preferences
Whilst we can detect five senses, we tend to have a preference for some rather than others. Whilst some of us might be evenly balanced, many of us have a significant preference for visual or auditory information.
Sense preferences can be detected in the language that people use. If I am a 'pictures person' then I will use more visual words, including visual metaphor. On the other hand, if I pay particular attention to sounds, then I might use more sound-base metaphors. Likewise I might use tactile language.
The power of sensory language
The power of stimulation
Sense language is more powerful at engaging others simply because it triggers our senses rather than requiring the cognitive effort that more abstract or objective talk needs.
If you paint pictures, sounds and sensations with words, you will immediately gain attention and greater understanding, and hence be better able to communicate effectively and persuade others to your cause.
Reflecting the sense preference
As with any communication, if you reflect back to a person those things that they prefer, then they will pay even more attention to these things than others.
Using their preferred sense channel will also make you appear to be more like them and hence create a bond with them and consequently gain their trust.
Using Body Language
Techniques > Using Body Language
Message clusters | Core patterns | Parts-of-body language | Other notes | See also
Body language is an important part of communication which can constitute 50% or more of what we are communicating. If you wish to communicate well, then it makes sense to understand how you can (and cannot) use your body to say what you mean.
Message clusters
Body language comes in clusters of signals and postures, depending on the internal emotions and mental states. Recognizing a whole cluster is thus far more reliable than trying to interpret individual elements.
* Aggressive body language: Showing physical threat.
* Attentive body language: Showing real interest.
* Bored body language: Just not being interested.
* Closed body language: Many reasons are closed.
* Deceptive body language: Seeking to cover up lying or other deception.
* Defensive body language: Protecting self from attack.
* Dominant body language: Dominating others.
* Emotional body language: Identifying feelings.
* Evaluating body language: Judging and deciding about something.
* Greeting body language: Meeting rituals.
* Open body language: Many reasons for being open.
* Power body language: Demonstrating one's power.
* Ready body language: Wanting to act and waiting for the trigger.
* Relaxed body language: Comfortable and unstressed.
* Romantic body language: Showing attraction to others.
* Sales Body Language: Using your body to sell.
* Submissive body language: Showing you are prepared to give in.
Core patterns
A number of core patterns can be identified that include clusters of body movements:
* Crossing, Expanding, Moving away, Moving forward, Opening, Preening, Repeating, Shaping, Striking and Touching
Parts-of-the-body language
You can send signals with individual parts of the body as well as in concert. Here's details of the contributions of each part of the body.
* Head: Face, Cheek, Chin, Mouth, Lips, Teeth, Tongue, Nose, Eyes, Eyebrow, Forehead, Hair
* Arm: Elbow, Hand, Finger
* Torso: Neck, Shoulder, Chest, Back, Belly, Bottom, Hips
* Legs: Thigh, Knee, Foot
Other notes
Remember that body language varies greatly with people and especially with international cultures (so be very careful when applying Western understanding to Eastern non-verbal language).
* Body as Cue, Evidence, Persuasion: How we shape changes how we feel.
* Body language caveat: You can't control all of your muscles. So why bother?
* Emphasis with body language: Adding emphasis to what you are saying.
* Social distances: The space between us.
* Satir's Five Positions: Speaking positions.
* Touching: Using physical touch.
* Hugging: Close comfort and affection.
There are about 70 pages of information in total in this section on body language.
See also
Non-Verbal Behavior, Understanding body language, Using Your Body
Techniques > Using Body Language
Message clusters | Core patterns | Parts-of-body language | Other notes | See also
Body language is an important part of communication which can constitute 50% or more of what we are communicating. If you wish to communicate well, then it makes sense to understand how you can (and cannot) use your body to say what you mean.
Message clusters
Body language comes in clusters of signals and postures, depending on the internal emotions and mental states. Recognizing a whole cluster is thus far more reliable than trying to interpret individual elements.
* Aggressive body language: Showing physical threat.
* Attentive body language: Showing real interest.
* Bored body language: Just not being interested.
* Closed body language: Many reasons are closed.
* Deceptive body language: Seeking to cover up lying or other deception.
* Defensive body language: Protecting self from attack.
* Dominant body language: Dominating others.
* Emotional body language: Identifying feelings.
* Evaluating body language: Judging and deciding about something.
* Greeting body language: Meeting rituals.
* Open body language: Many reasons for being open.
* Power body language: Demonstrating one's power.
* Ready body language: Wanting to act and waiting for the trigger.
* Relaxed body language: Comfortable and unstressed.
* Romantic body language: Showing attraction to others.
* Sales Body Language: Using your body to sell.
* Submissive body language: Showing you are prepared to give in.
Core patterns
A number of core patterns can be identified that include clusters of body movements:
* Crossing, Expanding, Moving away, Moving forward, Opening, Preening, Repeating, Shaping, Striking and Touching
Parts-of-the-body language
You can send signals with individual parts of the body as well as in concert. Here's details of the contributions of each part of the body.
* Head: Face, Cheek, Chin, Mouth, Lips, Teeth, Tongue, Nose, Eyes, Eyebrow, Forehead, Hair
* Arm: Elbow, Hand, Finger
* Torso: Neck, Shoulder, Chest, Back, Belly, Bottom, Hips
* Legs: Thigh, Knee, Foot
Other notes
Remember that body language varies greatly with people and especially with international cultures (so be very careful when applying Western understanding to Eastern non-verbal language).
* Body as Cue, Evidence, Persuasion: How we shape changes how we feel.
* Body language caveat: You can't control all of your muscles. So why bother?
* Emphasis with body language: Adding emphasis to what you are saying.
* Social distances: The space between us.
* Satir's Five Positions: Speaking positions.
* Touching: Using physical touch.
* Hugging: Close comfort and affection.
There are about 70 pages of information in total in this section on body language.
See also
Non-Verbal Behavior, Understanding body language, Using Your Body
sexta-feira, 3 de junho de 2011
Agallamh go bhfuil an Dr. Marcos Tadeu C. Thug an suíomh NATURA
Ní thógann sé mar scoláire mór an teanga a thabhairt faoi deara gur labhair muid, Laidiní, - go leor - lenár gcomhlachtaí. Gothaí, gothaí gnúise, féachann ... Tá, tá gach Laidin dráma féideartha! Agus is é sin an fáth a fhios againn gur féidir go maith leis an gcomhlacht comharthaí an doras ar oscailt ar domhan comhthreomhar na teanga. Ar an gcuma seo thíos, a chabhraíonn leis an Humor Maith tú a léirmhíniú na teachtaireachtaí agat cumarsáid a dhéanamh le corp - agus iad siúd a fhaigheann tú gan fiú a bhaint amach é!
Ach a rabhadh: tá sé nach toisc go bhfuil duine a arm thrasnaigh sé go bhfuil gá retracted. Thairis sin, tá an cheist níos casta ná mar a cumainn dhíreach shimplí, chun foláireamh an saineolaí teanga comhlacht Mark Cardoso: "Chun léirmhíniú a gesture seasta, tá sé ar cheann de na bealaí is fearr chun anailís a dhéanamh ar an tacar gothaí. Analyze do lámha ach freisin cosa, breathnú, gáire, seasamh an chomhlachta, "a deir sé. Gach seo, a deir sé, cúnamh a shainiú leibhéal spéise sa pessoa.Herança expressive
Chomh maith leis sin bhí réir Marcos Cardoso, comharthaíocht choirp, i bhfad níos mó ná feabhsú simplí chun an teanga labhartha, ar cheann de na foirmeacha is mó cumarsáide i antiquity. Just a shamhlú go ais ann i mí nó mar sin iargúlta, ní raibh aon microphones, cainteoirí, scoileanna teanga i bhfad níos lú i ngach cúinne. Dá bhrí sin, nuair a labhairt go poiblí nó cumarsáid a dhéanamh le eachtrannach, bhí an gothaí a dhéanamh ar an trick!
Sin é an fáth gestured cainteoirí fiú sa lá atá inniu mór mhór de ghnáth, a rá an ceannaire Fidel Castro, Cuban a loves óráid iomlán de Newsagents: 6 feidhmeanna
I Is féidir leis an físeán de Fidel a fheiceáil go soiléir ar a laghad trí cinn de na sé feidhmeanna a fheidhmíonn cumarsáide nonverbal i ndáil leis na teachtaireachtaí mian linn a chur in iúl: (a) a athrá agus béim ar an teachtaireacht briathartha, (b) a chomhlánú, (c) contrártha leis an méid a bhí verbalized (d) a chur in ionad, (e) a rialáil líofachta briathartha, (f) chomharthaí de chaidreamh cumhachta i spás fisiciúil.
Féach ar na sonraí faoi gach ceann de na feidhmeanna ag taighdeoir Senna Sergio Pires:
a) Chun a athdhéanamh teachtaireacht, úsáideann sé ina chomhartha sin illustrator. An thumbs suas, mar shampla, go luath i ndiaidh an teachtaireacht ó bhéal.
b) Anois, le béim a chur teachtaireacht, ach a dhéanamh ar an chomhartha céanna agus cad atá le rá.
c) Anois, ba mhaith leis an contradiction an teachtaireacht ó bhéal a chur le rud éigin a rá, ach chuir sí in iúl os coinne. Mar shampla, Sleachta Senna intonation, an méid gutha agus gothaí emphatic duine a deir nach bhfuil sé neirbhíseach.
d) Ar an láimh eile, is féidir agus ar na téarmaí gothaí gnúise in ionad an verbalization. Aon duine a thagann abhaile le léiriú downcast, mar shampla, in iúl go raibh sé "go maith in aghaidh an lae" gan, focal áfach, a rá. Cé a dúirt riamh le duine "a deir sé go léir d'aghaidh"?
e) Is é an coigeartú a rialú go bunúsach leis an rithim agus dul ar cad atá á rá. Cuimhnigh an seoltóir lena ceolfhoirne! Riachtanais sé le comhartha go cruinn agus tonnta ar a chuid ceoltóirí, d'fhonn a thabhairt leis an gceol. Mar an gcéanna, ar dhuine bagairt go ceann eile leis an intinn a dhéanamh di fanacht a labhairt.
f) De réir an taighdeoir, leathnaíonn na cumarsáide neamhbhriathartha a teorann eile atá tábhachtach go suntasach san ionad oibre. Seo é an chaoi caidreamh cumhachta a léiriú sa timpeallacht, ar an mbealach a eagrú againn ár troscán agus conas a ullmhú againn ar na spásanna. Is sampla an-choitianta é, a deir sé, ar an suíomh againn áitiú sa tábla comhdhála. "Tá ordlathas na n-áiteanna a líonadh agus a fhios ag gach duine é." Foghlaim a thuilleadh!
Chun níos mó a fhoghlaim faoi, is féidir leat teacht ar láithreáin ghréasáin na saineolaithe Marcos Cardoso.
Foinse:
http://www.bomdehumor.com.br/materia/3307-Linguagem_corporal.htm
Entrevista que el prof. Marcos Tadeu C. dio el lugar de Natura
No hace falta ser un gran estudioso de la lengua a notar que nosotros, los latinos, habló - mucho - con nuestros cuerpos. Gestos, expresiones faciales, miradas ... Sí, todos los de América es un drama potencial! Y es por eso que conocemos bien las señales del cuerpo puede abrir la puerta a un mundo paralelo de la lengua. En las siguientes líneas, el buen humor le ayuda a interpretar los mensajes que se comunica con su cuerpo - y las que compra sin siquiera darse cuenta!
Pero cuidado: no es porque una persona tiene los brazos cruzados a que sólo se retrae. Además, la cuestión es más compleja que una simple asociaciones directas, para alertar a los expertos del lenguaje corporal Marcos Cardoso: "Para interpretar un gesto consistente, una de las mejores maneras es analizar el conjunto de gestos. Analizar las manos sino también los pies, mira, sonrisa, posición del cuerpo ", dice. Todo esto, dice, ayudan a definir el nivel de interés en el pessoa.Herança expresiva
También de acuerdo con Marcos Cardoso, el lenguaje corporal, mucho más que una simple mejora de la lengua hablada, fue una de las principales formas de comunicación en la antigüedad. Imagínate que allá en un mes más o menos remoto, no había micrófonos, altavoces, y mucho menos las escuelas de idiomas en todos los rincones. Por lo tanto, al hablar en público o comunicarse con un extranjero, los gestos que tenía que hacer el truco!
Es por eso que aún hoy en día grandes oradores señaló suelen ser grandes, dicen que el líder cubano Fidel Castro, quien ama a un discurso lleno de peculiaridades: 6 funciones
En el video de Fidel puede ver claramente al menos tres de las seis funciones que la comunicación no verbal ejercicios en relación con los mensajes que queremos transmitir: (a) la repetición y el énfasis del mensaje verbal, (b) del complemento, (c) en contra de lo que se verbalizado (d) la sustitución, (e) la regulación de la fluidez verbal, (f) los indicios de las relaciones de poder en el espacio físico.
Ver detalles sobre cada una de estas funciones se describe por un investigador Sergio Senna Pires:
a) Para repetir un mensaje, se utiliza un gesto tan ilustrador. El pulgar hacia arriba, por ejemplo, poco después del mensaje verbal.
b) Ahora, para enfatizar un mensaje, basta con el mismo gesto mientras que lo que quiere decir.
c) Ahora, la contradicción del mensaje verbal sería decir algo, pero expresando su opuesto. Como ejemplo, cita Senna entonación, el volumen de la voz y los gestos enfáticos una persona que dice que no está nervioso.
d) Por otra parte, los gestos y las expresiones faciales pueden sustituir a la verbalización. Una persona que llega a casa con una expresión abatida, por ejemplo, se puede comunicar que había "un gran día", pero sin decir una palabra. ¿Quién ha dicho a alguien "tu cara lo dice todo"?
e) El ajuste es, básicamente, controlando el ritmo y la armonía de lo que se dice. Recuerde que el conductor con su orquesta! Ha de indicar con precisión y saludar a sus músicos, para dar fin a la música. Del mismo modo, una persona que agita a otro con la intención de hacerla esperar para hablar.
f) De acuerdo con el investigador, la comunicación no verbal se extiende a la frontera que significativamente importante en el lugar de trabajo. Así es como las relaciones de poder se manifiestan en los entornos, la manera en que organizamos nuestros muebles y cómo preparar a estos espacios. Un ejemplo muy común, dice, es la posición que ocupamos en la mesa de conferencias. "Hay una jerarquía de puestos por cubrir y todos lo saben." Obtenga más información!
Para aprender más sobre él, usted puede acceder a los sitios web de expertos Marcos Cardoso.
fuente:
http://www.bomdehumor.com.br/materia/3307-Linguagem_corporal.htm
لأنها لا تأخذ عالم كبير في اللغة لاحظ أننا واللاتينيين ، وتحدث -- الكثير -- مع أجسامنا. الإيماءات ، وتعبيرات الوجه ، يبدو... نعم ، كل اللاتينية هو دراما المحتملين! وهذا هو السبب ونحن نعلم جيدا اشارات الجسم يمكن أن يفتح الباب أمام عالم مواز للغة. على غرار أدناه ، الدعابة يساعدك على تفسير الرسائل التي التواصل مع جسدها -- وتلك التي تحصل حتى دون تحقيق ذلك!
ولكنه حذر من : إنه ليس لشخص وذراعيه أنه هو بالضرورة تراجع. وعلاوة على ذلك ، فإن المسألة أكثر تعقيدا من الجمعيات مباشرة بسيطة ، لتنبيه الخبير مارك كاردوسو لغة الجسد : "لتفسير بادرة على الدوام ، واحدة من أفضل الطرق هو تحليل مجموعة من فتات. تحليل يديك ولكن أيضا قدم ، نظرة ، ابتسامة ، وموقف الهيئة "، كما يقول. كل هذا ، كما يقول ، تساعد على تحديد مستوى الاهتمام في pessoa.Herança معبرة
أيضا وفقا لماركوس كاردوسو ، لغة الجسد ، أكثر بكثير من مجرد تحسين بسيط للغة المنطوقة ، كان واحدا من أهم أشكال الاتصال في العصور القديمة. ولكم أن تتخيلوا أن يعود هناك في شهر او نحو ذلك بعيد ، لم يكن هناك الميكروفونات ومكبرات الصوت ، ومدارس اللغات أقل بكثير في كل زاوية. وهكذا ، فإن لفتات عند التحدث في الأماكن العامة أو التواصل مع أجنبي ، أن تفعل خدعة!
وهذا هو السبب كبير المتحدثين حتى اليوم يومئ كبيرة عادة ، يقولون ان الزعيم الكوبي فيدل كاسترو الذي يحب التعبير الكامل من المراوغات : 6 وظائف
في ويمكن للفيديو فيدل نرى بوضوح ما لا يقل عن ثلاث وظائف ستة أن التواصل غير اللفظي التدريبات فيما يتعلق رسائل ونود أن نعرب : (أ) التكرار والتركيز في رسالة شفهية ، (ب) تكمل ، (ج) خلافا لما كان مفعل (د) الاستبدال ، (ه) تنظيم الطلاقة اللفظية ، (و) من علامات علاقات القوة في الفضاء المادي.
راجع التفاصيل حول كل من هذه المهام الموصوفة من قبل بيريس الباحث سيرجيو سينا :
أ) لتكرار الرسالة ، فإنه يستخدم لفتة ذلك المصور. الشهر العقاري ، على سبيل المثال ، بعد وقت قصير من رسالة شفهية.
ب) والآن ، للتأكيد على رسالة ، وجعل مجرد لفتة نفسه بينما ما أقول.
ج) والآن فإن التناقض في رسالة شفهية من أن أقول شيئا ، ولكن التعبير عن نقيضه. كمثال على ذلك ، نقلت سينا التجويد ، وحجم الصوت والإيماءات مؤكد الشخص الذي يقول انه ليس العصبي.
د) ومن ناحية أخرى ، يمكن أن الإيماءات وتعبيرات الوجه استبدال التعبير اللفظي. والشخص الذي يأتي المنزل مع التعبير خاشعة ، على سبيل المثال ، يمكن الاتصال "انه لا بأس به اليوم" ولكن دون أن أقول كلمة. الذي قال لشخص من أي وقت مضى "وجهك يقول كل شيء"؟
ه) هو السيطرة على التكيف أساسا الإيقاع والانسجام ما يقال. تذكر موصل مع فرقته! انه يحتاج الى دقة وإشارة إلى موجة الموسيقيين له ، لإعطاء أجل الموسيقى. وبالمثل ، فإن أي شخص يلوح للآخر بقصد جعل الانتظار لها في الكلام.
و) ووفقا للباحث ، والتواصل غير اللفظي يمتد إلى الحدود الهامة الأخرى بشكل ملحوظ في مكان العمل. هذه هي الطريقة التي تتجلى علاقات القوى في البيئات ، والطريقة التي ننظم أثاث لدينا ، وكيف نستعد هذه المساحات. من الأمثلة الشائعة جدا ، كما يقول ، هو الموقف ونحن في احتلال طاولة المؤتمر. وقال "هناك تسلسل هرمي من المناصب المراد شغلها والجميع يعرف ذلك". معرفة المزيد!
لمعرفة المزيد حول هذا الموضوع حتى ، يمكنك الوصول إلى مواقع الويب من الخبراء ماركوس كاردوسو.
المصدر :
http://www.bomdehumor.com.br/materia/3307-Linguagem_corporal.htm
Интервью, что проф. Маркос Тадеу C. дал сайт NATURA
Это не займет великий ученый языка заметить, что мы, латиноамериканцы, говорили - много - с нашими телами. Жесты, мимика, взгляды ... Да, каждый Латинской является потенциальной драмы! И именно поэтому мы хорошо знаем сигналы тела может открыть дверь в параллельный мир языка. В строках ниже, хорошее Юмор помогает вам интерпретировать сообщения Вы общаетесь со своим телом - и тех, кого вы получите, даже не подозревая об этом!
Но имейте в виду: это не потому, что человек, скрестив руки, что она обязательно убирается. Кроме того, вопрос более сложен, чем простое прямое ассоциаций, с целью предупреждения экспертов язык тела Марк Кардозо: "Для интерпретации жестов последовательно, один из лучших способов для анализа набор жестов. Проанализируйте ваши руки, но и ногами, смотреть, улыбаться, положение тела ", говорит он. Все это, по его словам, поможет определить степень заинтересованности в выразительных pessoa.Herança
Кроме того, согласно Маркос Кардозу, язык тела, гораздо больше, чем простое повышение на разговорном языке, был одним из основных форм общения в древности. Представьте себе, что там, в месяц или столь отдаленных, не было микрофонов, динамиков, а тем более языковые школы в каждом углу. Таким образом, говоря в общественной или общаться с иностранцем, жесты были сделать трюк!
Вот почему даже сегодня большие динамики жестом, как правило, больших, скажем, кубинский лидер Фидель Кастро, который любит речь, полную причуды: 6 функций
В видео Фиделя можно ясно видеть, по крайней мере три из шести функций, что невербальное общение учений в связи с сообщениями мы хотим передать: (а) повторение и акцент словесные сообщения, (б) дополнения, (с) вопреки тому, что вербализованный (D) замена, (е) регулирование вербальной беглости, (F) знаками властных отношений в физическом пространстве.
См. подробнее о каждой из этих функций, описанных исследователем Сенна Серхио Пирес:
а) Чтобы повторить сообщение, он использует жест так иллюстратор. Пальцы, например, вскоре после словесного сообщения.
б) Теперь, чтобы подчеркнуть сообщение, просто сделать тот же жест в то время как, что сказать.
с) в настоящее противоречие устное послание будет что-то сказать, но выразить свою противоположность. Как, например, Сенна котировки интонация, громкость голоса и жесты решительный человек, который говорит, что он не нервничал.
г) С другой стороны, жесты и выражения лица можно заменить вербализации. Человек, который приходит домой с опущенными выражение, например, может сообщить, что он "вполне день" при этом, однако, сказать слово. Кто сказал, чтобы кто-то "ваше лицо говорит само за себя"?
е) регулирование в основном контроля ритма и гармонии, что говорится. Помните дирижер со своим оркестром! Он должен подать сигнал точно и волновых своим музыкантам, чтобы дать для музыки. Кроме того, человек размахивал на другой с целью сделать ее ждать, чтобы говорить.
е) По словам исследователя, невербальное общение распространяется и на другие границы существенно важно в работе. Это как отношения власти проявляются в среду, каким образом мы организуем нашу мебель и как мы готовим этих пространств. Очень часто, например, говорит он, это положение мы занимаем в таблице конференции. "Существует иерархия места должны быть заполнены и все это знают." Узнайте больше!
Чтобы узнать еще больше об этом, Вы можете получить доступ к веб-сайтов эксперты Маркос Кардозу.
Источник:
http://www.bomdehumor.com.br/materia/3307-Linguagem_corporal.htm
Onderhoud dat die prof. Marcos Tadeu C. het die terrein van NATURA
Dit neem nie 'n groot kenner van taal te sien dat ons, Latino, gepraat -' n baie - met ons liggame. Gebare, gesigsuitdrukkings, lyk ... Ja, elke Latyn is 'n potensiële drama! En dit is die rede waarom ons goed ken die liggaam seine kan die deur oop vir 'n parallelle wêreld van taal. Op die lyne onder, die goeie humor kan jy die interpretasie van die boodskappe wat jy kommunikeer met haar liggaam - en die mense wat jy kry, sonder selfs om dit te besef!
Maar wees gewaarsku: dit is nie omdat 'n persoon het sy arms gekruis dat dit nie noodwendig is teruggetrek. Verder het die kwessie meer kompleks is as eenvoudige direkte verenigings, die lyftaal deskundige Mark Cardoso te waarsku: "'n gebaar om konsekwent te interpreteer, een van die beste maniere is die stel van gebare te analiseer. Analiseer jou hande, maar ook voete, kyk, smile, liggaam posisie, "sê hy. Al hierdie, sê hy, help definieer die vlak van belangstelling in die beeldende pessoa.Herança
Ook volgens Marcos Cardoso, lyftaal, veel meer as 'n eenvoudige uitbreiding na die gesproke taal, was een van die belangrikste vorms van kommunikasie in die oudheid. Net dat dit weer in 'n maand of so ver dink, was daar geen mikrofone, speakers, veel minder taal skole in elke hoek. Dus, wanneer praat in die openbaar of kommunikeer met 'n buitelander, die gebare het die truuk te doen nie!
Dit is die rede waarom selfs vandag 'n groot sprekers gestured is gewoonlik groot, sê die Kubaanse leier Fidel Castro, wat' n toespraak vol van bo kom is lief vir: 6 funksies
In die video van Fidel kan duidelik sien ten minste drie van die ses funksies wat nie-verbale kommunikasie-oefeninge in verband met die boodskappe wat ons wil oordra: (a) herhaling en klem van die verbale boodskap, (b) vul, (c) in teenstelling met wat was verwoord (d) te vervang, (e) regulering van verbale vlotheid, (f) tekens van magsverhoudinge in die fisiese ruimte.
Sien besonderhede oor elk van hierdie funksies beskryf deur 'n navorser Senna Sergio Pires:
a) Om 'n boodskap herhaal, is dit gebruik' n gebaar so illustreerder. Die thumbs up, byvoorbeeld, kort nadat die verbale boodskap.
b) Nou, om te beklemtoon 'n boodskap nie, maar maak dieselfde gebaar terwyl wat om te sê.
c) Nou is die stryd van die verbale boodskap sou wees om iets te sê, maar die uitdrukking van die teenoorgestelde. As 'n voorbeeld, Senna quotes intonasie, die omvang van die stem en gebare emphatic' n persoon wat sê hy is nie senuweeagtig.
d) Aan die ander kant, kan gebare en gesigsuitdrukkings die plek van die verbaal. 'N Persoon wat die huis kom met' n terneergedruk uitdrukking, byvoorbeeld, kan kommunikeer dat hy "nogal 'n dag", sonder egter' n woord sê. Wie het al ooit gesê aan iemand "jou gesig sê dit alles?"
e) Die aanpassing is basies die beheer van die ritme en harmonie van wat daar gesê word. Onthou om die geleier met sy orkes! Hy moet akkuraat en golf sein na sy musikante, om te gee aan die musiek. Net so 'n persoon wat gewapper na die ander met die doel om haar wag om te praat.
f) Volgens die navorser, die nie-verbale kommunikasie strek tot ander grens aansienlik belangrik is in die werkplek. Dit is hoe magsverhoudings is vergestalt in die omgewing, die manier waarop ons ons meubels te organiseer en hoe ons dit berei hierdie ruimtes. 'N baie algemene voorbeeld, sê hy, is die posisie wat ons beklee in die konferensie-tafel. "Daar is 'n hiërargie van plekke wat gevul moet word en almal weet dit." Hier is nog baie meer!
Vir nog meer oor dit, kan jy toegang tot die webtuistes van kundiges Marcos Cardoso.
Bron:
http://www.bomdehumor.com.br/materia/3307-Linguagem_corporal.htm
Ní thógann sé mar scoláire mór an teanga a thabhairt faoi deara gur labhair muid, Laidiní, - go leor - lenár gcomhlachtaí. Gothaí, gothaí gnúise, féachann ... Tá, tá gach Laidin dráma féideartha! Agus is é sin an fáth a fhios againn gur féidir go maith leis an gcomhlacht comharthaí an doras ar oscailt ar domhan comhthreomhar na teanga. Ar an gcuma seo thíos, a chabhraíonn leis an Humor Maith tú a léirmhíniú na teachtaireachtaí agat cumarsáid a dhéanamh le corp - agus iad siúd a fhaigheann tú gan fiú a bhaint amach é!
Ach a rabhadh: tá sé nach toisc go bhfuil duine a arm thrasnaigh sé go bhfuil gá retracted. Thairis sin, tá an cheist níos casta ná mar a cumainn dhíreach shimplí, chun foláireamh an saineolaí teanga comhlacht Mark Cardoso: "Chun léirmhíniú a gesture seasta, tá sé ar cheann de na bealaí is fearr chun anailís a dhéanamh ar an tacar gothaí. Analyze do lámha ach freisin cosa, breathnú, gáire, seasamh an chomhlachta, "a deir sé. Gach seo, a deir sé, cúnamh a shainiú leibhéal spéise sa pessoa.Herança expressive
Chomh maith leis sin bhí réir Marcos Cardoso, comharthaíocht choirp, i bhfad níos mó ná feabhsú simplí chun an teanga labhartha, ar cheann de na foirmeacha is mó cumarsáide i antiquity. Just a shamhlú go ais ann i mí nó mar sin iargúlta, ní raibh aon microphones, cainteoirí, scoileanna teanga i bhfad níos lú i ngach cúinne. Dá bhrí sin, nuair a labhairt go poiblí nó cumarsáid a dhéanamh le eachtrannach, bhí an gothaí a dhéanamh ar an trick!
Sin é an fáth gestured cainteoirí fiú sa lá atá inniu mór mhór de ghnáth, a rá an ceannaire Fidel Castro, Cuban a loves óráid iomlán de Newsagents: 6 feidhmeanna
I Is féidir leis an físeán de Fidel a fheiceáil go soiléir ar a laghad trí cinn de na sé feidhmeanna a fheidhmíonn cumarsáide nonverbal i ndáil leis na teachtaireachtaí mian linn a chur in iúl: (a) a athrá agus béim ar an teachtaireacht briathartha, (b) a chomhlánú, (c) contrártha leis an méid a bhí verbalized (d) a chur in ionad, (e) a rialáil líofachta briathartha, (f) chomharthaí de chaidreamh cumhachta i spás fisiciúil.
Féach ar na sonraí faoi gach ceann de na feidhmeanna ag taighdeoir Senna Sergio Pires:
a) Chun a athdhéanamh teachtaireacht, úsáideann sé ina chomhartha sin illustrator. An thumbs suas, mar shampla, go luath i ndiaidh an teachtaireacht ó bhéal.
b) Anois, le béim a chur teachtaireacht, ach a dhéanamh ar an chomhartha céanna agus cad atá le rá.
c) Anois, ba mhaith leis an contradiction an teachtaireacht ó bhéal a chur le rud éigin a rá, ach chuir sí in iúl os coinne. Mar shampla, Sleachta Senna intonation, an méid gutha agus gothaí emphatic duine a deir nach bhfuil sé neirbhíseach.
d) Ar an láimh eile, is féidir agus ar na téarmaí gothaí gnúise in ionad an verbalization. Aon duine a thagann abhaile le léiriú downcast, mar shampla, in iúl go raibh sé "go maith in aghaidh an lae" gan, focal áfach, a rá. Cé a dúirt riamh le duine "a deir sé go léir d'aghaidh"?
e) Is é an coigeartú a rialú go bunúsach leis an rithim agus dul ar cad atá á rá. Cuimhnigh an seoltóir lena ceolfhoirne! Riachtanais sé le comhartha go cruinn agus tonnta ar a chuid ceoltóirí, d'fhonn a thabhairt leis an gceol. Mar an gcéanna, ar dhuine bagairt go ceann eile leis an intinn a dhéanamh di fanacht a labhairt.
f) De réir an taighdeoir, leathnaíonn na cumarsáide neamhbhriathartha a teorann eile atá tábhachtach go suntasach san ionad oibre. Seo é an chaoi caidreamh cumhachta a léiriú sa timpeallacht, ar an mbealach a eagrú againn ár troscán agus conas a ullmhú againn ar na spásanna. Is sampla an-choitianta é, a deir sé, ar an suíomh againn áitiú sa tábla comhdhála. "Tá ordlathas na n-áiteanna a líonadh agus a fhios ag gach duine é." Foghlaim a thuilleadh!
Chun níos mó a fhoghlaim faoi, is féidir leat teacht ar láithreáin ghréasáin na saineolaithe Marcos Cardoso.
Foinse:
http://www.bomdehumor.com.br/materia/3307-Linguagem_corporal.htm
Entrevista que el prof. Marcos Tadeu C. dio el lugar de Natura
No hace falta ser un gran estudioso de la lengua a notar que nosotros, los latinos, habló - mucho - con nuestros cuerpos. Gestos, expresiones faciales, miradas ... Sí, todos los de América es un drama potencial! Y es por eso que conocemos bien las señales del cuerpo puede abrir la puerta a un mundo paralelo de la lengua. En las siguientes líneas, el buen humor le ayuda a interpretar los mensajes que se comunica con su cuerpo - y las que compra sin siquiera darse cuenta!
Pero cuidado: no es porque una persona tiene los brazos cruzados a que sólo se retrae. Además, la cuestión es más compleja que una simple asociaciones directas, para alertar a los expertos del lenguaje corporal Marcos Cardoso: "Para interpretar un gesto consistente, una de las mejores maneras es analizar el conjunto de gestos. Analizar las manos sino también los pies, mira, sonrisa, posición del cuerpo ", dice. Todo esto, dice, ayudan a definir el nivel de interés en el pessoa.Herança expresiva
También de acuerdo con Marcos Cardoso, el lenguaje corporal, mucho más que una simple mejora de la lengua hablada, fue una de las principales formas de comunicación en la antigüedad. Imagínate que allá en un mes más o menos remoto, no había micrófonos, altavoces, y mucho menos las escuelas de idiomas en todos los rincones. Por lo tanto, al hablar en público o comunicarse con un extranjero, los gestos que tenía que hacer el truco!
Es por eso que aún hoy en día grandes oradores señaló suelen ser grandes, dicen que el líder cubano Fidel Castro, quien ama a un discurso lleno de peculiaridades: 6 funciones
En el video de Fidel puede ver claramente al menos tres de las seis funciones que la comunicación no verbal ejercicios en relación con los mensajes que queremos transmitir: (a) la repetición y el énfasis del mensaje verbal, (b) del complemento, (c) en contra de lo que se verbalizado (d) la sustitución, (e) la regulación de la fluidez verbal, (f) los indicios de las relaciones de poder en el espacio físico.
Ver detalles sobre cada una de estas funciones se describe por un investigador Sergio Senna Pires:
a) Para repetir un mensaje, se utiliza un gesto tan ilustrador. El pulgar hacia arriba, por ejemplo, poco después del mensaje verbal.
b) Ahora, para enfatizar un mensaje, basta con el mismo gesto mientras que lo que quiere decir.
c) Ahora, la contradicción del mensaje verbal sería decir algo, pero expresando su opuesto. Como ejemplo, cita Senna entonación, el volumen de la voz y los gestos enfáticos una persona que dice que no está nervioso.
d) Por otra parte, los gestos y las expresiones faciales pueden sustituir a la verbalización. Una persona que llega a casa con una expresión abatida, por ejemplo, se puede comunicar que había "un gran día", pero sin decir una palabra. ¿Quién ha dicho a alguien "tu cara lo dice todo"?
e) El ajuste es, básicamente, controlando el ritmo y la armonía de lo que se dice. Recuerde que el conductor con su orquesta! Ha de indicar con precisión y saludar a sus músicos, para dar fin a la música. Del mismo modo, una persona que agita a otro con la intención de hacerla esperar para hablar.
f) De acuerdo con el investigador, la comunicación no verbal se extiende a la frontera que significativamente importante en el lugar de trabajo. Así es como las relaciones de poder se manifiestan en los entornos, la manera en que organizamos nuestros muebles y cómo preparar a estos espacios. Un ejemplo muy común, dice, es la posición que ocupamos en la mesa de conferencias. "Hay una jerarquía de puestos por cubrir y todos lo saben." Obtenga más información!
Para aprender más sobre él, usted puede acceder a los sitios web de expertos Marcos Cardoso.
fuente:
http://www.bomdehumor.com.br/materia/3307-Linguagem_corporal.htm
لأنها لا تأخذ عالم كبير في اللغة لاحظ أننا واللاتينيين ، وتحدث -- الكثير -- مع أجسامنا. الإيماءات ، وتعبيرات الوجه ، يبدو... نعم ، كل اللاتينية هو دراما المحتملين! وهذا هو السبب ونحن نعلم جيدا اشارات الجسم يمكن أن يفتح الباب أمام عالم مواز للغة. على غرار أدناه ، الدعابة يساعدك على تفسير الرسائل التي التواصل مع جسدها -- وتلك التي تحصل حتى دون تحقيق ذلك!
ولكنه حذر من : إنه ليس لشخص وذراعيه أنه هو بالضرورة تراجع. وعلاوة على ذلك ، فإن المسألة أكثر تعقيدا من الجمعيات مباشرة بسيطة ، لتنبيه الخبير مارك كاردوسو لغة الجسد : "لتفسير بادرة على الدوام ، واحدة من أفضل الطرق هو تحليل مجموعة من فتات. تحليل يديك ولكن أيضا قدم ، نظرة ، ابتسامة ، وموقف الهيئة "، كما يقول. كل هذا ، كما يقول ، تساعد على تحديد مستوى الاهتمام في pessoa.Herança معبرة
أيضا وفقا لماركوس كاردوسو ، لغة الجسد ، أكثر بكثير من مجرد تحسين بسيط للغة المنطوقة ، كان واحدا من أهم أشكال الاتصال في العصور القديمة. ولكم أن تتخيلوا أن يعود هناك في شهر او نحو ذلك بعيد ، لم يكن هناك الميكروفونات ومكبرات الصوت ، ومدارس اللغات أقل بكثير في كل زاوية. وهكذا ، فإن لفتات عند التحدث في الأماكن العامة أو التواصل مع أجنبي ، أن تفعل خدعة!
وهذا هو السبب كبير المتحدثين حتى اليوم يومئ كبيرة عادة ، يقولون ان الزعيم الكوبي فيدل كاسترو الذي يحب التعبير الكامل من المراوغات : 6 وظائف
في ويمكن للفيديو فيدل نرى بوضوح ما لا يقل عن ثلاث وظائف ستة أن التواصل غير اللفظي التدريبات فيما يتعلق رسائل ونود أن نعرب : (أ) التكرار والتركيز في رسالة شفهية ، (ب) تكمل ، (ج) خلافا لما كان مفعل (د) الاستبدال ، (ه) تنظيم الطلاقة اللفظية ، (و) من علامات علاقات القوة في الفضاء المادي.
راجع التفاصيل حول كل من هذه المهام الموصوفة من قبل بيريس الباحث سيرجيو سينا :
أ) لتكرار الرسالة ، فإنه يستخدم لفتة ذلك المصور. الشهر العقاري ، على سبيل المثال ، بعد وقت قصير من رسالة شفهية.
ب) والآن ، للتأكيد على رسالة ، وجعل مجرد لفتة نفسه بينما ما أقول.
ج) والآن فإن التناقض في رسالة شفهية من أن أقول شيئا ، ولكن التعبير عن نقيضه. كمثال على ذلك ، نقلت سينا التجويد ، وحجم الصوت والإيماءات مؤكد الشخص الذي يقول انه ليس العصبي.
د) ومن ناحية أخرى ، يمكن أن الإيماءات وتعبيرات الوجه استبدال التعبير اللفظي. والشخص الذي يأتي المنزل مع التعبير خاشعة ، على سبيل المثال ، يمكن الاتصال "انه لا بأس به اليوم" ولكن دون أن أقول كلمة. الذي قال لشخص من أي وقت مضى "وجهك يقول كل شيء"؟
ه) هو السيطرة على التكيف أساسا الإيقاع والانسجام ما يقال. تذكر موصل مع فرقته! انه يحتاج الى دقة وإشارة إلى موجة الموسيقيين له ، لإعطاء أجل الموسيقى. وبالمثل ، فإن أي شخص يلوح للآخر بقصد جعل الانتظار لها في الكلام.
و) ووفقا للباحث ، والتواصل غير اللفظي يمتد إلى الحدود الهامة الأخرى بشكل ملحوظ في مكان العمل. هذه هي الطريقة التي تتجلى علاقات القوى في البيئات ، والطريقة التي ننظم أثاث لدينا ، وكيف نستعد هذه المساحات. من الأمثلة الشائعة جدا ، كما يقول ، هو الموقف ونحن في احتلال طاولة المؤتمر. وقال "هناك تسلسل هرمي من المناصب المراد شغلها والجميع يعرف ذلك". معرفة المزيد!
لمعرفة المزيد حول هذا الموضوع حتى ، يمكنك الوصول إلى مواقع الويب من الخبراء ماركوس كاردوسو.
المصدر :
http://www.bomdehumor.com.br/materia/3307-Linguagem_corporal.htm
Интервью, что проф. Маркос Тадеу C. дал сайт NATURA
Это не займет великий ученый языка заметить, что мы, латиноамериканцы, говорили - много - с нашими телами. Жесты, мимика, взгляды ... Да, каждый Латинской является потенциальной драмы! И именно поэтому мы хорошо знаем сигналы тела может открыть дверь в параллельный мир языка. В строках ниже, хорошее Юмор помогает вам интерпретировать сообщения Вы общаетесь со своим телом - и тех, кого вы получите, даже не подозревая об этом!
Но имейте в виду: это не потому, что человек, скрестив руки, что она обязательно убирается. Кроме того, вопрос более сложен, чем простое прямое ассоциаций, с целью предупреждения экспертов язык тела Марк Кардозо: "Для интерпретации жестов последовательно, один из лучших способов для анализа набор жестов. Проанализируйте ваши руки, но и ногами, смотреть, улыбаться, положение тела ", говорит он. Все это, по его словам, поможет определить степень заинтересованности в выразительных pessoa.Herança
Кроме того, согласно Маркос Кардозу, язык тела, гораздо больше, чем простое повышение на разговорном языке, был одним из основных форм общения в древности. Представьте себе, что там, в месяц или столь отдаленных, не было микрофонов, динамиков, а тем более языковые школы в каждом углу. Таким образом, говоря в общественной или общаться с иностранцем, жесты были сделать трюк!
Вот почему даже сегодня большие динамики жестом, как правило, больших, скажем, кубинский лидер Фидель Кастро, который любит речь, полную причуды: 6 функций
В видео Фиделя можно ясно видеть, по крайней мере три из шести функций, что невербальное общение учений в связи с сообщениями мы хотим передать: (а) повторение и акцент словесные сообщения, (б) дополнения, (с) вопреки тому, что вербализованный (D) замена, (е) регулирование вербальной беглости, (F) знаками властных отношений в физическом пространстве.
См. подробнее о каждой из этих функций, описанных исследователем Сенна Серхио Пирес:
а) Чтобы повторить сообщение, он использует жест так иллюстратор. Пальцы, например, вскоре после словесного сообщения.
б) Теперь, чтобы подчеркнуть сообщение, просто сделать тот же жест в то время как, что сказать.
с) в настоящее противоречие устное послание будет что-то сказать, но выразить свою противоположность. Как, например, Сенна котировки интонация, громкость голоса и жесты решительный человек, который говорит, что он не нервничал.
г) С другой стороны, жесты и выражения лица можно заменить вербализации. Человек, который приходит домой с опущенными выражение, например, может сообщить, что он "вполне день" при этом, однако, сказать слово. Кто сказал, чтобы кто-то "ваше лицо говорит само за себя"?
е) регулирование в основном контроля ритма и гармонии, что говорится. Помните дирижер со своим оркестром! Он должен подать сигнал точно и волновых своим музыкантам, чтобы дать для музыки. Кроме того, человек размахивал на другой с целью сделать ее ждать, чтобы говорить.
е) По словам исследователя, невербальное общение распространяется и на другие границы существенно важно в работе. Это как отношения власти проявляются в среду, каким образом мы организуем нашу мебель и как мы готовим этих пространств. Очень часто, например, говорит он, это положение мы занимаем в таблице конференции. "Существует иерархия места должны быть заполнены и все это знают." Узнайте больше!
Чтобы узнать еще больше об этом, Вы можете получить доступ к веб-сайтов эксперты Маркос Кардозу.
Источник:
http://www.bomdehumor.com.br/materia/3307-Linguagem_corporal.htm
Onderhoud dat die prof. Marcos Tadeu C. het die terrein van NATURA
Dit neem nie 'n groot kenner van taal te sien dat ons, Latino, gepraat -' n baie - met ons liggame. Gebare, gesigsuitdrukkings, lyk ... Ja, elke Latyn is 'n potensiële drama! En dit is die rede waarom ons goed ken die liggaam seine kan die deur oop vir 'n parallelle wêreld van taal. Op die lyne onder, die goeie humor kan jy die interpretasie van die boodskappe wat jy kommunikeer met haar liggaam - en die mense wat jy kry, sonder selfs om dit te besef!
Maar wees gewaarsku: dit is nie omdat 'n persoon het sy arms gekruis dat dit nie noodwendig is teruggetrek. Verder het die kwessie meer kompleks is as eenvoudige direkte verenigings, die lyftaal deskundige Mark Cardoso te waarsku: "'n gebaar om konsekwent te interpreteer, een van die beste maniere is die stel van gebare te analiseer. Analiseer jou hande, maar ook voete, kyk, smile, liggaam posisie, "sê hy. Al hierdie, sê hy, help definieer die vlak van belangstelling in die beeldende pessoa.Herança
Ook volgens Marcos Cardoso, lyftaal, veel meer as 'n eenvoudige uitbreiding na die gesproke taal, was een van die belangrikste vorms van kommunikasie in die oudheid. Net dat dit weer in 'n maand of so ver dink, was daar geen mikrofone, speakers, veel minder taal skole in elke hoek. Dus, wanneer praat in die openbaar of kommunikeer met 'n buitelander, die gebare het die truuk te doen nie!
Dit is die rede waarom selfs vandag 'n groot sprekers gestured is gewoonlik groot, sê die Kubaanse leier Fidel Castro, wat' n toespraak vol van bo kom is lief vir: 6 funksies
In die video van Fidel kan duidelik sien ten minste drie van die ses funksies wat nie-verbale kommunikasie-oefeninge in verband met die boodskappe wat ons wil oordra: (a) herhaling en klem van die verbale boodskap, (b) vul, (c) in teenstelling met wat was verwoord (d) te vervang, (e) regulering van verbale vlotheid, (f) tekens van magsverhoudinge in die fisiese ruimte.
Sien besonderhede oor elk van hierdie funksies beskryf deur 'n navorser Senna Sergio Pires:
a) Om 'n boodskap herhaal, is dit gebruik' n gebaar so illustreerder. Die thumbs up, byvoorbeeld, kort nadat die verbale boodskap.
b) Nou, om te beklemtoon 'n boodskap nie, maar maak dieselfde gebaar terwyl wat om te sê.
c) Nou is die stryd van die verbale boodskap sou wees om iets te sê, maar die uitdrukking van die teenoorgestelde. As 'n voorbeeld, Senna quotes intonasie, die omvang van die stem en gebare emphatic' n persoon wat sê hy is nie senuweeagtig.
d) Aan die ander kant, kan gebare en gesigsuitdrukkings die plek van die verbaal. 'N Persoon wat die huis kom met' n terneergedruk uitdrukking, byvoorbeeld, kan kommunikeer dat hy "nogal 'n dag", sonder egter' n woord sê. Wie het al ooit gesê aan iemand "jou gesig sê dit alles?"
e) Die aanpassing is basies die beheer van die ritme en harmonie van wat daar gesê word. Onthou om die geleier met sy orkes! Hy moet akkuraat en golf sein na sy musikante, om te gee aan die musiek. Net so 'n persoon wat gewapper na die ander met die doel om haar wag om te praat.
f) Volgens die navorser, die nie-verbale kommunikasie strek tot ander grens aansienlik belangrik is in die werkplek. Dit is hoe magsverhoudings is vergestalt in die omgewing, die manier waarop ons ons meubels te organiseer en hoe ons dit berei hierdie ruimtes. 'N baie algemene voorbeeld, sê hy, is die posisie wat ons beklee in die konferensie-tafel. "Daar is 'n hiërargie van plekke wat gevul moet word en almal weet dit." Hier is nog baie meer!
Vir nog meer oor dit, kan jy toegang tot die webtuistes van kundiges Marcos Cardoso.
Bron:
http://www.bomdehumor.com.br/materia/3307-Linguagem_corporal.htm
Interview que le prof. Tadeu Marcos C. a donné le site de NATURA
Il ne faut pas un grand érudit de la langue à l'avis que nous, les Latinos, parlé - beaucoup - avec notre corps. Les gestes, les expressions du visage, l'air ... Oui, chaque latine est un drame potentiel! Et c'est pour cela que nous connaissons bien les signaux du corps peut ouvrir la porte à un monde parallèle de la langue. Sur les lignes ci-dessous, la bonne humeur vous aide à interpréter les messages que vous communiquez avec son corps - et ceux que vous obtenez sans même s'en rendre compte!
Mais attention: ce n'est pas parce qu'une personne a les bras croisés que c'est nécessairement rétractée. En outre, la question est plus complexe que de simples associations directes, pour alerter l'expert du langage corporel Mark Cardoso: «Pour interpréter un geste toujours, l'un des meilleurs moyens est d'analyser l'ensemble des gestes. Analyser vos mains, mais aussi des pieds, le regard, sourire, position du corps, dit-il. Tout cela, dit-il, aider à définir le niveau d'intérêt dans le pessoa.Herança expressive
Toujours selon Marcos Cardoso, le langage du corps, bien plus qu'une simple amélioration de la langue parlée, a été l'une des principales formes de communication dans l'antiquité. Imaginez que là-bas dans un mois ou si lointain, il n'y avait pas microphones, haut-parleurs, les écoles de langue beaucoup moins dans tous les coins. Ainsi, lorsque l'on parle en public ou communiquer avec un étranger, les gestes ont dû faire l'affaire!
C'est pourquoi, aujourd'hui encore, de grands orateurs geste sont généralement grandes, disent les dirigeant cubain Fidel Castro, qui aime un discours plein de bizarreries: 6 fonctions
Dans la vidéo de Fidel peut clairement voir au moins trois des six fonctions que la communication non verbale des exercices en rapport avec les messages que nous voulons transmettre: (a) la répétition et l'accent du message verbal, (b) compléter, (c) contrairement à ce qui a été verbalisé (d) la substitution, (e) la réglementation de la fluence verbale, (f) les signes des relations de pouvoir dans l'espace physique.
Voir les détails sur chacune de ces fonctions décrites par un chercheur Senna Pires Sergio:
a) Pour répéter un message, il utilise un geste si illustrateur. Le pouce en l'air, par exemple, peu de temps après le message verbal.
b) Maintenant, mettre l'accent sur un message, il suffit de faire le même geste tout ce qu'il faut dire.
c) Maintenant, la contradiction du message verbal serait de dire quelque chose, mais exprimant son contraire. A titre d'exemple, Senna cite l'intonation, le volume de la voix et les gestes emphatiques une personne qui dit qu'il n'est pas nerveux.
d) D'autre part, les gestes et les expressions faciales peuvent remplacer la verbalisation. Une personne qui rentre chez lui avec une expression baissés, par exemple, peuvent communiquer qu'il avait «tout à fait un jour", sans toutefois dire un mot. Qui a jamais dit à quelqu'un "ton visage dit tout"?
e) L'ajustement est essentiellement contrôler le rythme et l'harmonie de ce qui est dit. Rappelez-vous le chef d'orchestre avec son orchestre! Il doit signaler de façon précise et vague à ses musiciens, afin de donner à la musique. De même, une personne à l'autre en agitant avec l'intention de lui faire attendre pour parler.
f) Selon le chercheur, la communication non-verbale s'étend à la frontière d'autres une grande importance dans le lieu de travail. C'est ainsi que les relations de pouvoir se manifestent dans les environnements, la façon dont nous organisons nos meubles et la façon dont nous préparons ces espaces. Un exemple très courant, dit-il, est la position que nous occupons dans la table de conférence. "Il ya une hiérarchie des postes à pourvoir et tout le monde le sait." En savoir plus!
Pour en savoir encore plus sur le sujet, vous pouvez accéder aux sites Web des experts Marcos Cardoso.
source:
http://www.bomdehumor.com.br/materia/3307-Linguagem_corporal.htm
Il ne faut pas un grand érudit de la langue à l'avis que nous, les Latinos, parlé - beaucoup - avec notre corps. Les gestes, les expressions du visage, l'air ... Oui, chaque latine est un drame potentiel! Et c'est pour cela que nous connaissons bien les signaux du corps peut ouvrir la porte à un monde parallèle de la langue. Sur les lignes ci-dessous, la bonne humeur vous aide à interpréter les messages que vous communiquez avec son corps - et ceux que vous obtenez sans même s'en rendre compte!
Mais attention: ce n'est pas parce qu'une personne a les bras croisés que c'est nécessairement rétractée. En outre, la question est plus complexe que de simples associations directes, pour alerter l'expert du langage corporel Mark Cardoso: «Pour interpréter un geste toujours, l'un des meilleurs moyens est d'analyser l'ensemble des gestes. Analyser vos mains, mais aussi des pieds, le regard, sourire, position du corps, dit-il. Tout cela, dit-il, aider à définir le niveau d'intérêt dans le pessoa.Herança expressive
Toujours selon Marcos Cardoso, le langage du corps, bien plus qu'une simple amélioration de la langue parlée, a été l'une des principales formes de communication dans l'antiquité. Imaginez que là-bas dans un mois ou si lointain, il n'y avait pas microphones, haut-parleurs, les écoles de langue beaucoup moins dans tous les coins. Ainsi, lorsque l'on parle en public ou communiquer avec un étranger, les gestes ont dû faire l'affaire!
C'est pourquoi, aujourd'hui encore, de grands orateurs geste sont généralement grandes, disent les dirigeant cubain Fidel Castro, qui aime un discours plein de bizarreries: 6 fonctions
Dans la vidéo de Fidel peut clairement voir au moins trois des six fonctions que la communication non verbale des exercices en rapport avec les messages que nous voulons transmettre: (a) la répétition et l'accent du message verbal, (b) compléter, (c) contrairement à ce qui a été verbalisé (d) la substitution, (e) la réglementation de la fluence verbale, (f) les signes des relations de pouvoir dans l'espace physique.
Voir les détails sur chacune de ces fonctions décrites par un chercheur Senna Pires Sergio:
a) Pour répéter un message, il utilise un geste si illustrateur. Le pouce en l'air, par exemple, peu de temps après le message verbal.
b) Maintenant, mettre l'accent sur un message, il suffit de faire le même geste tout ce qu'il faut dire.
c) Maintenant, la contradiction du message verbal serait de dire quelque chose, mais exprimant son contraire. A titre d'exemple, Senna cite l'intonation, le volume de la voix et les gestes emphatiques une personne qui dit qu'il n'est pas nerveux.
d) D'autre part, les gestes et les expressions faciales peuvent remplacer la verbalisation. Une personne qui rentre chez lui avec une expression baissés, par exemple, peuvent communiquer qu'il avait «tout à fait un jour", sans toutefois dire un mot. Qui a jamais dit à quelqu'un "ton visage dit tout"?
e) L'ajustement est essentiellement contrôler le rythme et l'harmonie de ce qui est dit. Rappelez-vous le chef d'orchestre avec son orchestre! Il doit signaler de façon précise et vague à ses musiciens, afin de donner à la musique. De même, une personne à l'autre en agitant avec l'intention de lui faire attendre pour parler.
f) Selon le chercheur, la communication non-verbale s'étend à la frontière d'autres une grande importance dans le lieu de travail. C'est ainsi que les relations de pouvoir se manifestent dans les environnements, la façon dont nous organisons nos meubles et la façon dont nous préparons ces espaces. Un exemple très courant, dit-il, est la position que nous occupons dans la table de conférence. "Il ya une hiérarchie des postes à pourvoir et tout le monde le sait." En savoir plus!
Pour en savoir encore plus sur le sujet, vous pouvez accéder aux sites Web des experts Marcos Cardoso.
source:
http://www.bomdehumor.com.br/materia/3307-Linguagem_corporal.htm
Interview that the prof. Marcos Tadeu C. gave the site of NATURA
It does not take a great scholar of language to notice that we, Latinos, talked - a lot - with our bodies. Gestures, facial expressions, looks ... Yes, every Latin is a potential drama! And that is why we know well the body signals can open the door to a parallel world of language. On the lines below, the Good Humor helps you interpret the messages you communicate with her body - and those you get without even realizing it!
But be warned: it's not because a person has his arms crossed that it necessarily is retracted. Moreover, the issue is more complex than simple direct associations, to alert the body language expert Mark Cardoso: "To interpret a gesture consistently, one of the best ways is to analyze the set of gestures. Analyze your hands but also feet, look, smile, body position, "he says. All this, he says, help define the level of interest in the expressive pessoa.Herança
Also according to Marcos Cardoso, body language, much more than a simple enhancement to the spoken language, was one of the main forms of communication in antiquity. Just imagine that back there in a month or so remote, there were no microphones, speakers, much less language schools in every corner. Thus, when speaking in public or communicate with a foreigner, the gestures had to do the trick!
That is why even today great speakers gestured are usually large, say the Cuban leader Fidel Castro, who loves a speech full of quirks: 6 functions
In the video of Fidel can clearly see at least three of the six functions that nonverbal communication exercises in relation to the messages we wish to convey: (a) repetition and emphasis of the verbal message, (b) complement, (c) contrary to what was verbalized (d) substitution, (e) regulation of verbal fluency, (f) signs of power relations in physical space.
See details about each of these functions described by a researcher Senna Sergio Pires:
a) To repeat a message, it uses a gesture so illustrator. The thumbs up, for example, soon after the verbal message.
b) Now, to emphasize a message, just make the same gesture while what to say.
c) Now the contradiction of the verbal message would be to say something, but expressing its opposite. As an example, Senna quotes intonation, the volume of voice and emphatic gestures a person who says he is not nervous.
d) On the other hand, gestures and facial expressions can replace the verbalization. A person who comes home with a downcast expression, for example, can communicate that he had "quite a day" without, however, say a word. Who ever said to someone "your face says it all"?
e) The adjustment is basically controlling the rhythm and harmony of what is being said. Remember the conductor with his orchestra! He needs to signal accurately and wave to his musicians, to give order to the music. Likewise, a person waving to another with the intention of making her wait to speak.
f) According to the researcher, the non-verbal communication extends to other border significantly important in the workplace. This is how power relations are manifested in the environments, the way we organize our furniture and how we prepare these spaces. A very common example, he says, is the position we occupy in the conference table. "There is a hierarchy of places to be filled and everyone knows it." Learn more!
To learn even more about it, you can access the websites of experts Marcos Cardoso.
source:
http://www.bomdehumor.com.br/materia/3307-Linguagem_corporal.htm
It does not take a great scholar of language to notice that we, Latinos, talked - a lot - with our bodies. Gestures, facial expressions, looks ... Yes, every Latin is a potential drama! And that is why we know well the body signals can open the door to a parallel world of language. On the lines below, the Good Humor helps you interpret the messages you communicate with her body - and those you get without even realizing it!
But be warned: it's not because a person has his arms crossed that it necessarily is retracted. Moreover, the issue is more complex than simple direct associations, to alert the body language expert Mark Cardoso: "To interpret a gesture consistently, one of the best ways is to analyze the set of gestures. Analyze your hands but also feet, look, smile, body position, "he says. All this, he says, help define the level of interest in the expressive pessoa.Herança
Also according to Marcos Cardoso, body language, much more than a simple enhancement to the spoken language, was one of the main forms of communication in antiquity. Just imagine that back there in a month or so remote, there were no microphones, speakers, much less language schools in every corner. Thus, when speaking in public or communicate with a foreigner, the gestures had to do the trick!
That is why even today great speakers gestured are usually large, say the Cuban leader Fidel Castro, who loves a speech full of quirks: 6 functions
In the video of Fidel can clearly see at least three of the six functions that nonverbal communication exercises in relation to the messages we wish to convey: (a) repetition and emphasis of the verbal message, (b) complement, (c) contrary to what was verbalized (d) substitution, (e) regulation of verbal fluency, (f) signs of power relations in physical space.
See details about each of these functions described by a researcher Senna Sergio Pires:
a) To repeat a message, it uses a gesture so illustrator. The thumbs up, for example, soon after the verbal message.
b) Now, to emphasize a message, just make the same gesture while what to say.
c) Now the contradiction of the verbal message would be to say something, but expressing its opposite. As an example, Senna quotes intonation, the volume of voice and emphatic gestures a person who says he is not nervous.
d) On the other hand, gestures and facial expressions can replace the verbalization. A person who comes home with a downcast expression, for example, can communicate that he had "quite a day" without, however, say a word. Who ever said to someone "your face says it all"?
e) The adjustment is basically controlling the rhythm and harmony of what is being said. Remember the conductor with his orchestra! He needs to signal accurately and wave to his musicians, to give order to the music. Likewise, a person waving to another with the intention of making her wait to speak.
f) According to the researcher, the non-verbal communication extends to other border significantly important in the workplace. This is how power relations are manifested in the environments, the way we organize our furniture and how we prepare these spaces. A very common example, he says, is the position we occupy in the conference table. "There is a hierarchy of places to be filled and everyone knows it." Learn more!
To learn even more about it, you can access the websites of experts Marcos Cardoso.
source:
http://www.bomdehumor.com.br/materia/3307-Linguagem_corporal.htm
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